This page lists the countries and benchmarking participants (regional entities) that took part in TIMSS 2023 at one or both grade levels.
Countries that Participated in TIMSS 2023
| Albania | Iran, Islamic Rep. of | Oman | |
| Armenia | Iraq | Palestinian National Authority | |
| Australia | Ireland | Poland | |
| Austria | Israel | Portugal | |
| Azerbaijan | Italy | Qatar | |
| Bahrain | Côte d’Ivoire | Romania | |
| Belgium, Flemish | Japan | Saudi Arabia | |
| Belgium, French | Jordan | Serbia | |
| Bosnia & Herzegovina | Kazakhstan | Singapore | |
| Brazil | Korea, Rep. of | Slovak Republic | |
| Bulgaria | Kosovo | Slovenia | |
| Canada | Kuwait | South Africa | |
| Chile | Kurdistan Region of Iraq | Spain | |
| Chinese Taipei | Latvia | Sweden | |
| Cyprus | Lithuania | Türkiye | |
| Czech Republic | Macau SAR | United Arab Emirates | |
| Denmark | Malaysia | United States | |
| England | Malta | Uzbekistan | |
| Finland | Montenegro | Benchmarking Participants | |
| France | Morocco | Ontario, Canada | |
| Georgia | Netherlands | Quebec, Canada | |
| Germany | New Zealand | Abu Dhabi, UAE | |
| Hong Kong SAR | North Macedonia | Dubai, UAE | |
| Hungary | Norway | Sharjah, UAE | |
